Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Nanobiotechnology Research Center, New Health Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
Cancer Epidemiology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Infectious Diseases Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4
Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5
Applied Biotechnology Research Center, New Health Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6
Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
7
Biomaterial and Medicinal Chemistry Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8
Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
9
Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
10
Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Targeting macrophages has garnered significant research interest due to their pivotal role in inflammation, cancer, and wound healing. This study investigates the impact of nanoparticle design on macrophage interactions and its subsequent influence on wound healing.
Materials and Methods: Four nanoparticles (hyaluronic acid, chitosan, dextran, and methacrylic acid) were selected based on their biocompatibility and targeting potential. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that hyaluronic acid exhibited the most favorable interactions with the macrophage membrane, positioning it as a promising candidate. To validate these findings, an in vivo experiment was conducted using hyaluronic acid nanoparticles on wounded rabbits.
Results: The results showed that the factors involved in the stability of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles, including contact area average (40 nm2), Gyration Radius analysis (4.5 nm) and time dependent Rg (5.8 nm) were at their lowest level compared to another nanoparticle. Also the lowest entropy (700 kj/mol.k), minimum distance(1.1 nm) and energy average(-2000 kj/mol) showed the appropriate stability of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that topical administration of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles significantly accelerated wound healing. The formulation had an average hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 104 ± 25 nm, a zeta potential of –18 ± 2 mV, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.306. HA nanoparticles significantly reduced wound size compared to the control group on days 7, 14, and 21 (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: This study utilized molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) to explore the interaction between four nanoparticles (hyaluronic acid, chitosan, dextran, and methacrylic acid) and the macrophage membrane, focusing on their potential to stimulate macrophages and influence wound healing.
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