An Overview of Newcastle Disease Virus as a Potential Anti-cancer Agent for Gastrointestinal Cancer

Mirzaee, Habibolah; Mirzaei Nodooshan, Majid; Malekara, Ehsan; Farzanehpour, Mahdieh; Vakilzade, Gazal

doi:10.30491/jabr.2023.396313.1634

An Overview of Newcastle Disease Virus as a Potential Anti-cancer Agent for Gastrointestinal Cancer

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Habibolah Mirzaee ¹

Majid Mirzaei Nodooshan ¹

Ehsan Malekara ²

Mahdieh Farzanehpour ¹

Gazal Vakilzade ¹

¹ Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

² Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

10.30491/jabr.2023.396313.1634

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors are a major public health problem worldwide, accounting for over one-third of global cancer-associated deaths. While the current therapies, such as traditional surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy show little efficacy for GI cancers, studies suggest an increasing burden for these malignancies and emphasize the necessity of further studies to present an effective strategy for the treatment of GI tumors. Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel technology in which various oncolytic viruses are used for cancer therapy. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one such oncolytic virus that has been frequently investigated as an oncolytic agent in various pre-clinical and clinical studies. GI cancers, as a heterogeneous class of tumors originating from the stomach, liver, colorectum, esophagus, and pancreas, are one of the most studied malignancies with promising results, which have been evaluated for potential oncolytic activities of NDV. In this way, the present review aimed to focus on describing the pre-clinical and clinical studies about the use of oncolytic NDV therapy for GI cancers, including gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer.

Keywords

Gastrointestinal Neoplasm

Oncolytic Virotherapy

Oncolytic viruses

Newcastle Disease Virus